Si hay un electrodoméstico indispensable en nuestra cocina en los días actuales, es el horno de microondas. Sin embargo, este electrodoméstico utiliza una tecnología que sigue siendo la misma desde su creación durante la segunda guerra mundial en 1945. Nuevas tecnologías, sin embargo, están siendo creadas para una nueva generación de hornos electrónicos, haciendo completamente obsoleto el viejo horno de microondas que todavía tenemos en nuestras casas.

   Los hornos comunes de microondas se basan en la emisión de una señal de frecuencia fija producida por una válvula magnetrón (véase el artículo ART580) en un circuito básico como el de la figura 1.

 

Figura 1 - Circuito básico de un horno de microondas
Figura 1 - Circuito básico de un horno de microondas

 

 

   Sin embargo, las válvulas magnetron tienen una serie de desventajas que las hace limitadas y que requieren una nueva tecnología más eficiente para este tipo de aplicaciones.

   Las válvulas magnetrón desperdician mucha energía, son demasiado grandes y todavía operan sólo a una frecuencia fija.

   Esto significa que en un horno común, además de tener un desperdicio de energía, el componente básico es sólo del tipo on-off sin control alguno de la emisión, que podría ser modificada en función del tipo de alimentación que se está preparando.

   Un horno "inteligente" podría elegir no sólo la potencia a aplicar, como ocurre hoy, pero mucho más como, por ejemplo, longitudes de onda más apropiadas para el alimento preparado e incluso la posibilidad de trabajar con alimentos de diversos tipos al mismo tiempo mismo tiempo.

 

Figura 2 - Una válvula magnetrón
Figura 2 - Una válvula magnetrón

 

 

   Con la posibilidad de poder contar en nuestros días con semiconductores de RF de baja potencia, que presentan características mucho más ventajosas que las válvulas magnetrón, ya se puede pensar en hornos de microondas inteligentes, como el de la figura 3, sugerido como concepto por la NXP.

 

 

Figura 3 - Concepto de horno del futuro por la NXP (Imagen Mouser Electronics)
Figura 3 - Concepto de horno del futuro por la NXP (Imagen Mouser Electronics)

 

 

     Con la posibilidad de elegir no sólo la potencia, sino también las longitudes de onda que combinados proporcionan la mejor preparación del alimento, tendremos un concepto totalmente nuevo para el horno de microondas.

    La propia dimensión reducida de los semiconductores posibilitará un montaje más compacto y consecuentemente la creación de los hornos portátiles, aunque la potencia implicada al menos por el momento sigue siendo alta.

 

18.89MBMemory Usage45.06msRequest Duration
Joomla! Version5.2.3
PHP Version8.3.20
Identityguest
Response200
Templatecassiopeia
Database
Server
mysql
Version
10.5.22-MariaDB
Collation
latin1_swedish_ci
Conn Collation
utf8mb4_general_ci
$_GET
[]
$_POST
[]
$_SESSION
array:1 [ "joomla" => "***redacted***" ]
$_COOKIE
[]
$_SERVER
array:51 [ "USER" => "apache" "HOME" => "/usr/share/httpd" "SCRIPT_NAME" => "/index.php" "RE...
session
array:3 [ "counter" => 1 "timer" => array:3 [ "start" => 1752167915 "last" => 1752167915...
registry
array:3 [ "data" => [] "initialized" => false "separator" => "." ]
user
array:21 [ "id" => 0 "name" => null "username" => null "email" => null "password" => "***r...
  • afterLoad (85.3KB) (252μs)
  • afterInitialise (1.14MB) (4.08ms)
  • afterRoute (90.7KB) (867μs)
  • beforeRenderComponent com_content (100.5KB) (494μs)
  • Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (33.45KB) (221μs)
  • After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (107.06KB) (433μs)
  • Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.57KB) (9μs)
  • After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (16.22MB) (20.81ms)
  • Before Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (480.08KB) (3.1ms)
  • After Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (7.36KB) (37μs)
  • afterRenderComponent com_content (401.76KB) (6.52ms)
  • afterDispatch (2.25KB) (61μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (422.53KB) (2.08ms)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (15.43KB) (354μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (5.9KB) (103μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (63.02KB) (1.28ms)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (9.27KB) (599μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (5.47KB) (70μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (6.64KB) (191μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (4.44KB) (51μs)
  • afterRender (288.81KB) (3.37ms)
  • 1 x After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (16.22MB) (46.17%)
    20.81ms
    1 x afterRenderComponent com_content (401.76KB) (14.46%)
    6.52ms
    1 x afterInitialise (1.14MB) (9.04%)
    4.08ms
    1 x afterRender (288.81KB) (7.47%)
    3.37ms
    1 x Before Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (480.08KB) (6.88%)
    3.10ms
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (422.53KB) (4.62%)
    2.08ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (63.02KB) (2.84%)
    1.28ms
    1 x afterRoute (90.7KB) (1.92%)
    867μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (9.27KB) (1.33%)
    599μs
    1 x beforeRenderComponent com_content (100.5KB) (1.1%)
    494μs
    1 x After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (107.06KB) (0.96%)
    433μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (15.43KB) (0.79%)
    354μs
    1 x afterLoad (85.3KB) (0.56%)
    252μs
    1 x Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (33.45KB) (0.49%)
    221μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (6.64KB) (0.42%)
    191μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (5.9KB) (0.23%)
    103μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (5.47KB) (0.16%)
    70μs
    1 x afterDispatch (2.25KB) (0.14%)
    61μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (4.44KB) (0.11%)
    51μs
    1 x After Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (7.36KB) (0.08%)
    37μs
    1 x Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.57KB) (0.02%)
    9μs
23 statements were executed, 5 of which were duplicates, 18 unique11.41ms1.54MB
  • SELECT @@SESSION.sql_mode;27μs968B/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:184Copy
  • SELECT `session_id` FROM `incbmx_session` WHERE `session_id` = :session_id LIMIT 162μs1.3KBParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:187Copy
  • INSERT INTO `incbmx_session` (`session_id`,`guest`,`time`,`userid`,`username`,`client_id`) VALUES (:session_id, :guest, :time, :user_id, :username, :client_id)135μs944BParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:260Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`rules` FROM `incbmx_viewlevels`66μs656B/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:955Copy
  • SELECT `b`.`id` FROM `incbmx_usergroups` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_usergroups` AS `b` ON `b`.`lft` <= `a`.`lft` AND `b`.`rgt` >= `a`.`rgt` WHERE `a`.`id` = :guest93μs1.64KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:868Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `incbmx_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`226μs3.86KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `incbmx_assets` WHERE `name` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7,:preparedArray8,:preparedArray9,:preparedArray10,:preparedArray11,:preparedArray12,:preparedArray13,:preparedArray14,:preparedArray15,:preparedArray16,:preparedArray17,:preparedArray18,:preparedArray19,:preparedArray20,:preparedArray21,:preparedArray22,:preparedArray23,:preparedArray24,:preparedArray25,:preparedArray26,:preparedArray27,:preparedArray28,:preparedArray29,:preparedArray30,:preparedArray31,:preparedArray32,:preparedArray33,:preparedArray34,:preparedArray35,:preparedArray36,:preparedArray37,:preparedArray38,:preparedArray39)229μs7.44KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:357Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `incbmx_assets` WHERE `name` LIKE :asset OR `name` = :extension OR `parent_id` = 07.79ms1.48MBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:301Copy
  • SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `incbmx_assets`318μs2.02KB/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:587Copy
  • SELECT * FROM `incbmx_assets` WHERE `name` = 'com_content.article.1954'96μs912B/libraries/src/Table/Table.php:780Copy
  • SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `incbmx_content`333μs1.77KB/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:587Copy
  • UPDATE `incbmx_content` SET `hits` = (`hits` + 1) WHERE `id` = '1954'142μs48B/libraries/src/Table/Table.php:1348Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`asset_id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`state`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`version`,`a`.`ordering`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`fp`.`ordering`,`u`.`name` AS `author`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1) AS `rating`,`v`.`rating_count` AS `rating_count` FROM `incbmx_content` AS `a` INNER JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_users` AS `u` ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE ( (`a`.`id` = :pk AND `c`.`published` > 0) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`state` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)156μs6.12KBParams/components/com_content/src/Model/ArticleModel.php:215Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `incbmx_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`178μs3.91KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`tag_id`,`t`.* FROM `incbmx_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `incbmx_tags` AS `t` ON `m`.`tag_id` = `t`.`id` WHERE `m`.`type_alias` = :contentType AND `m`.`content_item_id` = :id AND `t`.`published` = 1 AND `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)225μs3.97KBParams/libraries/src/Helper/TagsHelper.php:388Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `incbmx_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`186μs3.91KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM incbmx_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `incbmx_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN incbmx_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN incbmx_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN incbmx_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN incbmx_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id LEFT JOIN `incbmx_fields_categories` AS fc ON fc.field_id = a.id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND (`fc`.`category_id` IS NULL OR `fc`.`category_id` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform ORDER BY a.ordering ASC401μs6KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:164Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `incbmx_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`212μs3.91KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `name`,`element` FROM `incbmx_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'plugin' AND `folder` = 'finder' AND `enabled` = 1147μs656B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Helper/LanguageHelper.php:135Copy
  • SELECT `title` FROM `incbmx_finder_taxonomy` WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `state` = 1 AND `access` IN (1,5)95μs648B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Indexer/Taxonomy.php:325Copy
  • SELECT * FROM `incbmx_schemaorg` WHERE `itemId` = :itemId AND `context` = :context65μs1.55KBParams/plugins/system/schemaorg/src/Extension/Schemaorg.php:403Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`asset_id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`state`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`version`,`a`.`ordering`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`fp`.`ordering`,`u`.`name` AS `author`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1) AS `rating`,`v`.`rating_count` AS `rating_count` FROM `incbmx_content` AS `a` INNER JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_users` AS `u` ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE ( (`a`.`id` = :pk AND `c`.`published` > 0) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`state` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)153μs6.17KBParams/components/com_content/src/Model/ArticleModel.php:215Copy
  • SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`next_execution` <= :now THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS due_count,SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`locked` IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) AS locked_count FROM `incbmx_scheduler_tasks` AS `a` WHERE `a`.`state` = 180μs1.37KBParams/administrator/components/com_scheduler/src/Model/TasksModel.php:465Copy
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.1954, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.1954, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.1954, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.1954, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.1954, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.1954, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.1954, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.1954, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.1954, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.1954, falling back to com_content