El circuito mostrado en la figura 1, acciona una barra de 4 LEDs con una señal de audio aplicada a su entrada.


 

 

 

Los resistores en serie con los LEDs determinan su brillo, pudiendo ser disminuidos si la tensión de alimentación es menor que 9 V.

 

El capacitor C1 determina la inercia del sistema, es decir, la velocidad con la que responde a las variaciones de la señal de audio de entrada.

 

El transformador sirve para aislar el circuito de audio del bargraph. Se puede utilizar cualquier pequeño transformador de alimentación que tenga un devanado primario para la red de energía (el cual será conectado al potenciómetro) y un secundario de 3 a 9 V con corriente en el rango de 50 mA a 250 mA.

 

El potenciómetro sirve para ajustar el punto de funcionamiento del indicador de barra móvil en función de la intensidad de la señal de entrada.

 

El trimpot de 100 k ohms sirve para ajustar la escala, de modo que todos los LEDs queden apagados en ausencia de señal. En realidad, este trimpot ajusta la extensión de la escala.

 

El circuito puede ser adaptado para operar con 2 4093 y así accionar hasta 8 LEDs en una escala. En este caso, la red de resistencias de entrada debe adaptarse.

 

Para mayor número de LEDs, sin embargo, la tensión de alimentación debe estar entre 9 y 12 V.

 

En la figura 2 damos una placa de circuito impreso para el montaje de ese circuito.

 


 

 

 

El primario del transformador se conecta a la salida del altavoz del equipo de sonido. Rx depende de la potencia del equipo de sonido, conforme a la siguiente tabla:

 

Potencia Rx
Hasta 5 W 10 ohms x ½ W
5 a 20 W 22 ohms x ½ W
20 a 50 W 47 ohms x 1 W
50 a 100 W 100 ohms x 1 W
Más de 100 W 220 ohms x 1 W

 

 

4093 - Circuito integrado CMOS

LED1 a LED4 - LED rojos comunes

D1 - 1N4148 - diodo de uso general

R1, R2 - 47 k ohms x 1/8 W - resistores - amarillo, violeta, rojo

R3 - 33 k ohms x 1/8 W - resistor - naranja, naranja, rojo

R4 - 22 k ohms x 1/8 W - resistor - rojo, rojo, naranja

R5 a R8 - 1 k ohms x 1/8 W - resistores - marrón, negro, rojo

Rx - ver texto - resistor según la potencia del equipo de sonido

P1 - 10 k ohms - potenciómetro

P2 - 100 k ohms - trimpot

C1 - 47 nF a 470 nF - capacitor de cerámica o poliéster

C2 - 100 uF x 12 V - capacitor electrolítico

T1 - Transformador - ver texto

 

Varios:

Placa de circuito impreso, fuente de alimentación, caja para montaje, hilos, soldadura, etc.

 

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