Mayor alcance, dependiendo de las condiciones de propagación y de la sensibilidad del receptor, puede ser logrado con un transmisor localizador de ondas cortas. El circuito presentado a continuación opera entre 3 y 5 MHz y tiene una buena potencia, lo que permite un buen alcance de acuerdo con las condiciones posibles de utilización.

Este artículo forma parte de uno de mis libros de espionaje hecho en la década de los 80, pero actualizado en 2015.

El transmisor en cuestión a diferencia de los anteriores opera en CW (onda continua) no emitiendo bips intervalados como ellos. Con la eliminación del 4093 los circuitos anteriores se transforman en emisores de onda continua para la localización.

En la figura 1 tenemos el diagrama completo del transmisor de onda corta.

 

Figura 1 - Transmisor de onda corta
Figura 1 - Transmisor de onda corta

 

La disposición de sus componentes en una placa de circuito impreso se muestra en la figura 2.

 

Figura 2 - Placa para el montaje
Figura 2 - Placa para el montaje

 

 

La bobina L1 está formada por 30 + 30 espiras de alambre esmaltado 26 en un bastón de ferrita de 1 cm de diámetro por 15 de longitud. L2 consiste en 10 espiras del mismo hilo enrolladas en el mismo bastón de ferrita.

La variable CV es del tipo para AM con 150 a 300 pF de capacitancia máxima y en él ajustamos la frecuencia de operación.

Para utilizar este transmisor necesitamos una antena de al menos 2 metros de longitud. El terminal de tierra debe ser usado, en el caso de un coche ligándose a su latía.

El alcance dependerá de la sensibilidad del receptor y de la eventual existencia de obstáculos en el lugar de operación. El consumo de corriente estará entre 500 y 800 mA y esto indica que los transistores de potencia deben estar dotados de radiadores de calor. Estos radiadores consisten en Chapas de metal de 3 x.2 cm atornilladas en los propios transistores.

 

SEMICONDUCTORES

Q1 y Q2 - BD135 - transistores NPN de potencia

R1 y R2 - 10 k - resistores (marrón, negro, naranja)

R3 - 10 ohmios x 1 W - resistor (marrón, negro, negro)

 

 

CAPACITORES

CV - Variable de 150 a 360 pF

C1 a C2 - 10 nF - capacitores cerámicos

C3 - 100 p.F x 16V - capacitor electrolítico

L1 y L2 - Bobinas - ver texto

 

Varios:

Placa de circuito impreso, caja para montaje, bastón de ferrita, hilos, soldadura, antena, etc.

 

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