El efecto TMR o Tunnel Magnetoresistance se produce en una unión en la que dos materiales ferromagnéticos están separados por un material aislante muy fino. Si esta separación aislante es muy fina, los electrones de un material magnético pueden migrar al otro

   Por la física clásica esta es una condición prohibida que no puede ocurrir, lo que significa que se trata de un fenómeno cuántico. Así, el túnel de magnetorresistencia es un fenómeno puramente cuántico.

   El efecto final es que por el control de la orientación de los campos magnéticos, se puede conmutar el flujo de electrones que pasan por el nanotúnel formado entre los dos materiales, o sea, se puede controlar magneticamente la corriente entre los dos materiales.

   Los componentes que utilizan esta tecnología ya se pueden encontrar y se utilizan en diversas aplicaciones prácticas como las MRAM, un tipo de memoria no volátil, además de imán para sensores.

 

 

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