Las corrientes de salida de amplificadores operacionales comunes no siempre son suficientes para alimentar una determinada carga. En estos casos, los circuitos de potencia normalmente se utilizan para aumentar la capacidad de estos circuitos, involucrando nuevas etapas y componentes discretos.

Sin embargo, si la corriente requerida por la carga está por debajo del doble de lo que un amplificador operacional puede proporcionar, el proyecto se puede simplificar con una simple configuración de plegadora. Para este propósito existen diversas opciones, según informa Intersil (www.intersil.com) en application note.

Así, una primera solución comúnmente adoptada es la mostrada en la figura 1, en que la corriente en la carga es la suma de las corrientes de salida de los dos amplificadores operacionales.

 

 Figura 1 - Configuración plegadora de corriente común, aplicada sólo a circuitos de bajas frecuencias.
 Figura 1 - Configuración plegadora de corriente común, aplicada sólo a circuitos de bajas frecuencias.

 

 

Este circuito, sin embargo, tiene como problema bajo el hecho de que sólo puede ser aplicado en bajas frecuencias como, por ejemplo, audio. Esto ocurre porque se debe considerar el retraso que existe en la propagación de las señales entre las etapas y en bajas frecuencias es despreciable. Para aplicaciones en altas frecuencias, no se puede tener una conexión en serie, como la indicada, sino en paralelo, donde las señales se propagan al mismo tiempo. Un circuito para este propósito se muestra en la figura 2.

 

Figura 2 - Amplificador plegable para aplicaciones en frecuencias más altas.
Figura 2 - Amplificador plegable para aplicaciones en frecuencias más altas.

 

 

La ganancia de este circuito viene dada por:

G = 1 + (R2 / R1)

 

Los resistores Rbm1 y Rbm2 deben estar casados, debiendo tener las mismas características de la línea de señal. Si no hay necesidad de matrimonio de impedancia en relación a la carga entonces los resistores indicados sólo sirven para aislar las salidas de A1 y A2.

 

Conclusión

Las configuraciones mostradas consisten en una solución simple y económica para obtener más corriente de salida que un solo amplificador operacional puede proporcionar.

  

 

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